The shortfalls are particularly glaring when it comes to modern macroeconomics.

这些当代宏学中尤其明显。

These criticisms fail to distinguish between macroeconomics and microeconomics.

这些批评不能区分宏学和微学。

It is a critical element of Keynesian macroeconomics.

它是凯恩斯宏学的一个重要组成部分。

Specifically, all these complaints are about macroeconomics.

特别是，所有这些抱怨都是关于宏学的。

She has expertise in macroeconomics and the elements of unemployment.

她有宏学方面的专业知识及失业问题的验。

If economics was biology, macroeconomics would be ecology while microeconomics would be cell biology.

如果学是生物学，那么宏将是生态学，而微学是细胞生物学。

It's, it's kind of like the distinction in microeconomics and macroeconomics.

这，这有点像微学和宏学的区别。

A hundred years ago, there was no comprehensive data on economic activity, so there was no macroeconomics.

一百年前，我们还没有关于活动的全面数据，所以也就没有学。

If there is a central question in macroeconomics, this is it.

如果说宏学有一个中心问题，这个问题就是。

Now when it comes to fields of study, macroeconomics is a relatively new subject.

研究领域，宏学是一个相对较新的课题。

Since macroeconomics is the one that's most often in the news, that's where we're gonna start.

因为宏学新闻中常出现，所以我们从它讲起。

So convert it into wizard money then convert it back into dollars, then factor in structural macroeconomics, bank loan fees, national fiscal polices...

所以折合成巫币，再折合成美元，再将结构型宏、银行贷款费用、国家财政政策等等因素考虑。

Because of their proximity to America's Great Lakes, their approach to macroeconomics came to be known as the “freshwater” school.

由于临近五大湖，他们的宏学策略，后来以“淡水”派而闻名。

When macroeconomics is used to make a political argument, this implies that the losses in one part of the country are offset by gains somewhere else.

当宏学被用来进行政治辩论时，说明这个国家某一地区的损失和其它地方的收益中和了。