Another cause is Dressler syndrome which occurs several weeks after a myocardial infarction, or heart attack.

另一个病因是发生于肌梗死数周后的肌梗死后综合征。

Basically, when heart cells die in a myocardial infarction, it leads to massive inflammation that also involves the serous pericardium.

肌梗死导致肌细胞死亡，引发累及浆膜包的强烈炎症反应。

Okay, let’s recap - acute pericarditis is usually caused by a idiopathic causes, but can be caused by viruses or after a myocardial infarction.

急性包炎通常原因未明，也可因病毒感染或肌梗死导致。

In severe cases, blood flow can been completely cut off, which results in myocardial infarction, or the necrosis of a portion of myocardium.

严重的情况下，流被完全阻断，引起肌梗死，即肌的部分坏死。

As a result of ischemia, in the myocardium supplied by coronary artery B, the myocardial cells don’t receive enough oxygen, which is called hypoxia.

于是冠脉B供的肌现了缺，肌细胞无法获得足够的氧气，称为“缺氧”。

In response to hypoxia, myocardial cells release signalling molecules called cytokines, which cause dilation of the segment of coronary artery B beyond the blockage.

为了应对缺氧，肌细胞释放细胞因子这类信号分子，使冠脉B阻塞处远端的扩张。

The inflammation increases the risk of having a myocardial infarction - a heart attack, as well as a stroke, and peripheral vascular disease which is where there is severe pain in the lower legs.

这种炎症肌梗死的发病风险，即平时所说的“脏病发作”，同时中风、周围疾病的发病风险也，其中周围疾病的最常见表现是下肢剧烈疼痛。

Just like a garden hose that’s always under high pressure, in the long term, blood vessels can develop tiny cracks and tears that can lead to serious problems, like myocardial infarctions, aneurysms, and strokes.

就像是花园里面浇水的水，如果总处于高压之下，久而久之，就现小裂隙和壁的撕裂，导致很严重的后果，像是肌梗死、动脉瘤和中风。

First, it’s super important to remember that in each case, the injury to cardiomyocytes isn’t permanent, meaning it’s reversible and the cardiomyocytes don’t die (which is how this differs from myocardial infarction).

首先，务必记住每种情况下，肌细胞损伤不是永久性的，即可逆，肌细胞不死亡；这也是与肌梗死的区别。

One study published over the summer in JAMA Cardiology, for example, found that of a sample group of 100 people who had recovered from COVID-19, 78 had some inflammation of myocardial tissue or other damage such as scarring.

例如，今年夏天发表在《美国医学脏病学杂志》上的一项研究发现，在100名新冠患者中，有78人现肌组织炎症或疤痕等其他损伤。

Unstable angina, for the same reason as stable angina, involves subendocardial ischemia and it should be treated as an emergency, because patients are at a high risk of progressing to myocardial infarction, or heart attack.

不稳定型绞痛，和稳定型绞痛病因一样，因内膜下层缺，应按急症救治，因为患者高发肌梗死或脏病。

And it’s thought that radiation generates reactive oxygen species in the tissue, which ultimately leads to inflammation over time, and causes myocardial fibrosis, or fibrosis of the heart muscle tissue, which makes the tissue stiffer and more restrictive.

它被认为是因为辐射在组织中产生很多活性氧物质，随着时间推移最终导致炎症，导致肌纤维化，或者说脏肌肉组织的纤维化，即导致组织更僵硬、受限。

The key distinction is that unstable angina means that the heart tissue is alive but ischemic or starving for oxygen, whereas myocardial infarction means that the areas of heart tissue have already begun to necrose or die.

两者最重要的差别是不稳定型绞痛脏组织是活的，但缺/缺氧；而肌梗死意味着该区域组织已发生坏死。

Symptoms of coronary steal syndrome mimic that of a myocardial infarction, and include a typical type chest pain, which is described as a squeezing pain or pressure that might radiate up to the left arm, jaw, shoulders, or back.

冠状动脉窃综合征的症状和梗类似，包括典型的胸痛，被描述为“压榨性”疼痛或有“紧迫感”，可能辐射到左臂、下颌、肩和背部。