This hypoxia also causes the parasympathetic nerve fibers to die off.

这种缺还会导致副交感神经纤维死亡。

These parasympathetic neurons make the rectum contract and the internal anal sphincter relax.

这些副交感神经元可以使直肠收缩，并使肛门内括约肌松弛。

“Point” is erection and it’s caused by “P, ” or parasympathetic fibers.

“Point”代表勃起，它是由“P”副交感（parasympathetic）神经纤维引起的。

In both cases, the parasympathetic nerve fibers in the cavernosal spaces release acetylcholine from their nerve endings.

在这两种情况下，副交感神经纤维在海绵通过神经末梢释放乙酰胆碱。

Damaged parasympathetic nerve fibers can’t release acetylcholine, so there’s less nitric oxide synthase activation, and less nitric oxide is produced.

受损的副交感神经纤维不能释放乙酰胆碱，因此被激活的一化氮合酶较少，产生的一化氮也较少。

The Autonomic system consists of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions.

自主神经系统由交感神经和副交感神经两成。

This happens thanks to the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

这要归功于自主神经系统的副交感神经支。

We also learned that the parasympathetic nervous system can decrease the heart rate.

我们还了解到，副交感神经系统可以降低心率。

We also see that the parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate, which decreases cardiac output.

我们还看到副交感神经系统降低了心率，从而降低了心输出量。

In the opposite way, the parasympathetic nervous system can decrease the heart rate, which decreases the cardiac output.

副交感神经系统以相反的方式，可以降低心率，从而降低心输出量。

In general, the sympathetic is responsible for mediating energy expenditure, while the parasympathetic is responsible for energy conservation and restoration.

一般来说，交感神经负责调节能量消耗，而副交感神经负责能量的储存和恢复。

But - those same airways also have muscarinic receptors which can get stimulated by parasympathetic nerves, causing a decrease in the diameter of airways.

但是这些气道也有M胆碱受，副交感神经也可以激动它们，使气道收缩。

And it causes an increase in parasympathetic stimulation and decrease in sympathetic stimulation which makes the detrusor muscle contract and the internal sphincter relax.

脊髓反射导致副交感神经兴奋，而交感神经兴奋受到抑制，造成逼尿肌收缩而内扩约肌松弛。

To lower blood pressure, we first see a decrease of sympathetic input and an increase in parasympathetic input to the heart.

为了降低血压，我们首先看到交感神经输入减少，而副交感神经输入增加。

We also know that the autonomic nervous system has two divisions: the sympathetic division (or fight-or-flight division) and the parasympathetic division.

我们也知道，植物神经系统有两个：交感神经支（或战斗或逃跑支）和副交感神经支。

The parasympathetic mediates resting states after meals and at night, digestion and nutrient storage, and recovery states by helping to coordinate immune responses and healing.

副交感神经通过协调免疫反应和愈合，介导餐后和夜的休息状态、消化、营养储存和恢复。

Physiological benefits such as our heart variability, which is a predictor of longevity, which is a predictor of health is increased. The parasympathetic system increases when we are grateful.

对身的好处，包括心率变异性，它能预测我们是否能长寿，预测我们是否健康。当我们感激时，副交感神经系统功能增强。

Both divisions work without conscious effort, and they have similar nerve pathways, but the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems generally have opposite effects on target tissues (they are antagonistic).

这两个的执行是不受意识支配的，两者有相似的神经通路，但对靶织的作用通常是相反的 (它们是拮抗的)。

After high stress situations (ie: fighting for your life) the parasympathetic nervous system has a backlash reaction that balances out the reaction of the sympathetic nervous system.

在高压力的情况下(例如：为你的生命而战)副交感神经系统有一个对抗性反应，以平衡交感神经系统的反应。

Thus, the parasympathetic causes slower heart rates and respiratory rates, sleep, increased gastrointestinal track motility, increased peripheral vascular flow, blood flow to all cells, liver and kidneys, and venous return to the heart.

因此，副交感神经引起心率和呼吸频率减慢、睡眠、胃肠运动和周围血流增加、血液流向所有细胞、肝脏和肾脏以及静脉血回流到心脏。