To protect the pancreas, the acinar cells manufacture inactive forms of the enzymes called proenzymes, or zymogens.

为了保护胰腺，腺泡细胞会产生这些酶无活，称为“酶原”。

As the acinar cells become impaired they produce fewer pancreatic digestive enzymes, which results in pancreatic insufficiency.

当腺泡细胞受损时，它们产生胰消化酶减少，引起胰腺功能不全。

Alcohol also contributes to pancreatitis in other ways, though, for example, stimulating acinar cells to release inflammatory cytokines which attracts a strong immune reaction.

精还可以通过其它方导致胰腺炎，比如促进腺泡细胞释放炎细胞因子，从而引起免疫反应。

With alcohol abuse it goes like this: alcohol increases zymogen secretion from acinar cells while decreasing fluid and bicarbonate production from the ductal epithelial cells.

精增加腺泡细胞分泌酶原，同时让胰管上皮细胞减少生成水和碳酸氢盐。

As part of the subsequent healing process pancreatic stellate cells lay down fibrotic tissue which causes narrowing, or stenosis of the ducts, as well as acinar cell atrophy.

作为后续修复愈合过程一部分，胰腺星状细胞会产生纤维化组织，造成导管狭窄及腺泡细胞萎缩。

When the pancreatic acinar cells are damaged or the the pancreatic ducts are blocked, often because of alcohol abuse or gallstones, the inactive zymogens that the pancreas produces can be prematurely converted to active digestive enzymes.

通常由精滥用或胆结石导致胰腺腺泡细胞受损或胰管阻塞时，胰腺产生无活酶原可被过早转化为活消化酶。