Now, the bonds in alkenes have a few tricks up their sleeves.

现在，烯烃学键有一些特殊技巧。

It's a polymerized alkene, but the molecule itself is an alkane.

它是聚合烯烃， 但分子本身是烷烃。

They can be alkanes or alkenes, sometimes, even rarely, alkynes.

它们可以是烷烃或烯烃，有时甚至是罕见炔烃。

All the other naming rules apply to alkenes and alkynes too.

所有其他命名规则也适用于烯烃和炔烃。

If they've got a double bond, we call them alkenes, and those with triple bonds are alkynes.

如果它们含有双键，们称它们为烯烃，而含有三键则称为炔烃。

There's only one letter changing here: A in alkanes changes to E for alkenes and then to Y for alkynes.

这里只有一个字母在变：烷烃A变成了烯烃E，然后再变成炔烃Y。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

们知道它们是不饱和烯烃， 因为饱和脂肪没有双键，因此不会有和反异构体。

Alkenes can be made into alkanes and alkynes can become either alkenes or alkanes depending on how many atoms are added.

烯烃可以转为烷烃，而炔烃则可以根据添加原子数量变成烯烃或烷烃。

You also learned a little bit about cis-trans isomerism and learned a few important reactions of alkenes and alkynes such as hydrogenation, halogenation, and polymerization.

你还了解了一点关于反异构体知识，并学习了一些烯烃和炔烃重要反应，如氢、卤和聚合。

That may not sound like a big deal at first, but alkenes and alkynes don't have that kind of freedom, and that simple fact has a huge affect on their properties.

这乍一听可能不算什么大不了事，但烯烃和炔烃就没有这种自由度， 这个简单事实对其性质产生了巨大影响。

Just to note to avoid confusion: polyethylene has that " -ene" sound in it, right, but it's not an alkene because all those double bonds get broken to form new sigma bonds.

请注意以避免混淆：聚乙烯有“-ene” 发音，对吧，但它不是烯烃，因为所有这些双键都会断裂形成新 sigma 键。

So three words representing three different groups of organic compounds: alkanes for all single bonds, alkenes if they contain double bonds, and alkynes if they contain one or more triple bonds.

所以三个词代表三种不同有机合物组：烷烃表示全单键，烯烃表示含有双键，炔烃表示含有一个或多个三键。

If you paid attention, you learned that hydrocarbons with double bonds are called alkenes and those with triple bonds are called alkynes and that the naming rules are the same as for alkanes.

如果你注意听了，你应该知道带有双键碳氢合物称为烯烃， 带有三键称为炔烃， 而且它们命名规则与烷烃相同。

Then, a little chemistry knocked the acid off, creating what was clearly an alkene, so they named it benzene, because it was an alkene that was from the benzoin resin.

然后，用一点学方法将酸分解， 产生明显是烯烃物质， 因此他们将其命名为苯，因为它是一种来自安息香树脂烯烃。