Dynamic apnea, variable weight and free emersion are categories of what activity?

动态屏息、可变体重和自由浮现是什么活动的特征？

Sleep apnea on its own is rarely fatal, but it can worsen other health problems.

睡眠停本身很少致命，但是会加重其他健康问题。

However, procedures can be complicated because the anaesthesia and surgical swelling can both worsen sleep apnea in the short term.

但这些手术过程很复杂，因为麻醉和手术肿胀都会在短期内加重睡眠停。

And, several papers have shown that sleep apnea gets worse when people sleep on their backs.

多篇文章也显示，人在仰卧时，睡眠停的情况会加重。

The most common symptom of sleep apnea is severe sleep deprivation.

睡眠停常见的症状是严重的睡眠缺乏。

One out of three men and one out of six women have sleep apnea.

有三分之一的男性和六分之一的女性患有睡眠中止症。

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common form, and it develops when there’s a blockage of the airways.

阻塞性睡眠停是常见的类型，发生于道阻塞时。

For example, compression of the brain stem caused by swelling results in apnea, or abnormal pauses in ventilation.

例如，由肿胀引起的脑干压迫会导致停或通气异常停。

Some people with obstructive sleep apnea can benefit from custom made oral mouthpieces that help improve airflow during sleep.

阻塞性睡眠停患者可获益定制的口腔装置，这种装置有助于改善夜间睡眠时的通气状态。

Many researchers see weight loss as a solution to obstructive sleep apnea.

许多研究者认为减重是解决阻塞型睡眠中止症的一种方式。

But loud, chronic snoring is one sign of a sleep disorder known as obstructive sleep apnea.

但响亮、长期的打鼾可能是睡眠障碍的征兆：即一般所知的阻塞型睡眠中止症。

Obstructive sleep apnea is usually caused by blockages in the airway and is mainly characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep.

阻塞型睡眠中止症通常是由气道阻塞造成，主要的特征就是睡眠时停。

And this is why obstructive sleep apnea can be linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular problems.

这就是为什么阻塞型睡眠中止症会被连结到高血压及其他心血管问题。

Central sleep apnea refers to the fact that the problem is “central” or related to the central nervous system.

而中枢性睡眠停意味着问题在“中枢”，与中枢神经系统有关。

The apnea can persist for several seconds even after waking up, triggering feelings of panic and further disrupting the sleep cycle.

即使醒来后，这种类型的停依然会持续几钟，导致人慌乱，进一步扰乱睡眠周期。

For severe sleep apnea, individuals can use a continuous positive airway pressure device or CPAP device for short.

对于严重的睡眠停，患者可以使用持续正压机，即CPAP。

Broadly speaking, individuals with sleep apnea have a higher risk for heart failure, respiratory failure, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.

广义上说，睡眠停患者罹患心衰竭、衰竭、糖尿病和特定类型癌症的风险更高。

So what puts someone at risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea?

所以，什么原因会让一个人有阻塞型睡眠中止的风险？

Doctors will usually aim to remedy sleep apnea with non-invasive treatments like these first, but if they don't work, they may consider surgery.

医生通常会偏向先用这类非侵入性的治疗方式来治疗睡眠中止症，但若行不通，可能会考虑动手术。

Sleep apnea can be reliably treated using CPAP machines, which keep the airway open by delivering a constant stream of pressurized air.

可以靠持续正压器来治疗睡眠中止症，该机器能持续送入增压空气，以保持气道开通。