These arteries eventually branch into the arterioles, the smallest of the arteries.

这些动脉为小动脉，即小的动脉。

So with vasodilation of the arterioles, more heat gets lost which, therefore, helps to lower body temperature.

因此，随着动脉血管舒张，更多热量流失，有助于降低体温。

This is where the arteriole walls develop hyaline deposits, which makes it harder for them to dilate.

这是小动脉壁形成透明沉积物的地方，使得它们很难扩张。

Well in response to low oxygen levels, or hypoxia, the pulmonary arterioles constrict, which raises the pulmonary blood pressure.

为应对低氧水平或缺氧，肺小动脉收缩，这就容易引起肺血压。

Instead the glomerulus funnels blood into efferent arterioles which divide into capillaries a second time.

而是由肾小球将血液输送进入出球小动脉，后者复成毛细血管网。

The juxtaglomerular complex is, located in between the distal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole.

球旁复合体位于远曲小管和入球小动脉之间。

Vasodilation of the arterioles decreases resistance and increases blood flow.

小动脉血管扩张减少了阻力，增加了血流量。

The cortical radiate arteries continue to divide eventually forming afferent arterioles that split into a tiny bundle of capillaries called the glomerulus.

小叶间动脉继续，后形成入球小动脉；后者再成若干小形成一团微小的毛细血管球，即肾小球。

We previously learned that arterioles have a smaller diameter than arteries.

我们以前了解到，小动脉的直径比动脉小。

Just like in the lungs, the aorta branches into arterioles which are smaller arteries and, finally, into capillaries which are the smallest.

就像在肺部一样，主动脉叉为小动脉，后变为毛细血管。

Therefore, we see that the small arterioles are able to provide a significant amount of control over the flow of blood.

因此，我们看到，小动脉能够提供对血液流动的大量控制。

Blood flow to individual organs, or throughout the entire circulatory system, can be regulated by changing the diameter of the arterioles.

流向各个器官或整个循环系统的血液可以通过改变小动脉的直径来调节。

The smallest subdivisions of arteries, the arterioles, have thinner walls in which there are very little connective tissues but relatively more muscle.

动脉的小（小动脉）携血液至小的血管（毛细血管）。

Blood enters the afferent arteriole and flows into the glomerulus.

血液从入球小动脉进入并流入肾小球。

On the other end of the capillary bed there's a venule, and the arteriole and venule are usually directly connected by a vessel called the metarteriole.

在毛细血管床的另一端，有小静脉；小动脉和小静脉通常是由一种叫后微动脉的血管直接连接的。

This process of glycation particularly affects the efferent arteriole and causes it to get stiff and more narrow - a process called hyaline arteriosclerosis.

这种糖基化过程尤其影响出球小动脉，使其硬化、变窄——该过程叫玻璃样动脉硬化。

For example, if an arteriole constricts, its lumen will decrease in size, but the blood will pass through the arterial with more force or pressure.

例如，如果小动脉收缩，其管腔大小将减小，但血液将以更大的力或压力通过动脉。

So that blood goes from the pulmonary artery into a pulmonary arteriole, which is a little bit smaller and, finally, into a capillary which is the smallest.

血液从肺动脉进入较细小的肺小动脉，后进入毛细血管。

Of all of the blood vessels in the body, the most important ones to consider when we talk about resistance to blood flow are the arterioles.

在体内所有的血管中，当我们谈到血流阻力时，重要的是动脉。

In arterioles, a process called hyaline arteriolosclerosis is where the walls of arterioles where they develop hyaline deposits, which are the deposits of proteins, and these make them hard and inflexible.

小动脉出现透明样细小动脉硬化，即小动脉的血管壁上产生了透明质酸沉积，即蛋白质沉积物，而这些物质让小动脉僵化变硬。