The bottom, called diastolic, is a measure of the resistance to the blood flow in the body's blood vessels.

而（张）是人体血管中血流阻力测量方法。

Even though systolic failure is most common in left-sided heart failure, diastolic heart failure or filling dysfunction can also happen.

尽管收缩性心衰是左侧心力衰竭最主要病因，张性心力衰竭或充盈障碍也有可能发生。

Another cardiogenic cause is severe systemic hypertension - specifically a blood pressure that is greater than 180 systolic or 110 diastolic.

另个心源性因素是严重全身性高血，特指收缩高于180或张高于110。

Blood pressure is recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) with systolic pressure written first, followed by diastolic pressure.

血以毫米汞柱（mmHg）记录，先记录收缩，然后记录张。

In severe preeclampsia, systolic blood pressure can be 160 mmHg or greater and diastolic blood pressure can be 110 mmHg or greater.

重度子痫前期患者收缩可达到160毫米汞柱以上，张达到110毫米汞柱以上。

Typically, both systolic and diastolic pressures tend to climb or fall together, but that’s not always the case.

般来说，收缩和张是同时上升或者下降，但也并不总是这样。

Elevated systolic blood pressure is considered between 120 and 129 mmHg and less than 80 mmHg on the diastolic side.

收缩期血升高应该在120到129mmHg之间，张期血则是应该在小于80mmHg区间内。

Sometimes, you can have systolic or diastolic hypertension, when one number is normal and the other is really high.

有时会出现收缩期或者张期高血，即数值很高，但是另个却处于正常值范围。

When diagnosing preeclampsia, hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or greater or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or greater.

在诊断子痫前期时，高血定义为收缩大于等于140毫米汞柱或张大于等于90毫米汞柱。

In specific clinical conditions, such as individuals with diabetes or hypertension, HIIT was able to better improve factors like glycemic control and diastolic blood pressure.

在些特殊临床试验条件下，如对有糖尿病或高血人群测试，表明 HIIT 能更好地改善些指标，如血糖控制和张。

Stage 1 hypertension is between 130 and 139 mmHg on the systolic side, and between 80 and 89 mmHg on the diastolic side.

期高血收缩在130-139mmHg之间，张在80-89mmHg之间。

Now in addition to systolic heart failure, you’ve also got diastolic heart failure, which is where the heart’s squeezing hard enough but not filling quite enough.

除收缩性心衰外，还有张性心力衰竭，指是心脏收缩功能正常，但是在张期充盈受损。

So restrictive cardiomyopathy causes heart failure, and since filling happens during diastole, we say this is a type of diastolic heart failure.

因此限制型心肌病会导致心力衰竭，且由于血液进入心室发生在张期，所以我们说它是种张期心力衰竭。

Stage 2 hypertension is defined as anything that is 140 mmHg or higher on the Systolic side and 90 mmHg or higher on the diastolic side.

二期高血就是收缩高于140mmHg、或者张高于90mmHg。

These guys are really stretchy, kind of like Spandex and this is what allows these arteries to keep their shape, as well as absorb and even-out the systolic and diastolic pressures.

它们很有弹性，有点像Spandex弹力衣；这使动脉得以保持形状，以及承受、平衡收缩和张。

In this case the heart muscle gets stiffer and less compliant, and therefore the left ventricle can’t easily stretch out and fill with as much blood, which leads to diastolic heart failure.

在这种情况下，心脏肌肉变得僵硬，同时顺应性下降，因此左心室不能轻易地伸展，无法有效充盈，从而导致张性心衰。

This can happen in two ways, either the heart’s ventricles can’t pump blood hard enough during systole, called systolic heart failure, or not enough blood fills the ventricles during diastole, called diastolic heart failure.

种是心室在心脏收缩期不能足够有力地泵出血液，即收缩性心力衰竭；另种是在心脏张期心室充盈不足，即张性心力衰竭。

Finally, if the blood pressure gets really high really fast, it’s referred to as a hypertensive crisis, and involves a systolic greater than 180 mmHg or a diastolic pressure greater than 120 mmHg.

如果血变得很高而且上升得很快，最终可能会变成高血危象：收缩大于180mmHg，张大于120mmHg。

Concentric hypertrophy leading to diastolic failure can also be caused by aortic stenosis, which is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening, as well by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, an abnormal ventricular wall thickening often from a genetic cause.

导致张性心衰向心性肥大，也可能由主动脉瓣狭窄（即主动脉瓣开口变窄）造成，也可能由肥厚型心肌病（种遗传性异常心室壁增厚）引起。

This means that as the heart muscle wall enlarges, it crowds into the ventricular chamber space, resulting in less room for blood, meaning that in addition to contributing to systolic dysfunction, hypertension also can cause diastolic heart failure.

随着心壁扩大，它也挤入了心室空间，导致血液空间缩小，也就是说，除了致使收缩期功能不全之外，高血也能导致张性心力衰竭。