Lower levels of estrogen would lower the risk of breast and endometrial cancers.

素水平较低会降低患乳腺癌和宫内膜癌风险。

Endometrial carcinoma involves the abnormal growth of the epithelial cells that make up endometrial glands, and there are two main types.

宫内膜癌涉及宫内膜腺体上皮细胞异常生长，主要有两种类型。

Sitting has been associated with a 32% greater risk of endometrial cancer, and a 24% high risk of colon cancer.

得宫癌风险可能因为久坐而增加32%，结肠癌也可能增加24%。

Now, type 2 endometrial carcinoma is more rare, and it has a number of subtypes.

II型宫内膜癌比较少见，有许多亚型。

The good news is that there are actually factors that protect against Type 1 endometrial carcinoma!

好消息是实际上有一些因素可预防I型宫内膜癌。

Oh, they're just gonna look and see if my endometrial layer is thick.

哦 只是看看我宫内膜是不是变厚了。

Oh, they're just going to look and see if my endometrial layer is thick.

哦，他们只是要看看我宫内膜层是否厚。

These cancers typically affect women who have endometrial atrophy and who have lower body weight.

这些癌症通常发生在宫内膜萎缩和体型瘦弱女身上。

IUD must have been left in, embedded in the endometrial tissue where it couldn't be detected.

因为是深入宫内部所没有发现。

Surgery is the treatment for all types and stages of endometrial carcinoma.

手术可用于治疗所有类型及所有阶宫内膜癌。

Even though there are two distinct types of endometrial carcinomas, we use the same stages to describe their development.

虽然存在两种不同类型宫内膜癌，我们可用相同分期来描述它们病程发展。

So having high levels of estrogen will cause the endometrium undergoes hyperplasia, leading to increased risk of developing type 1 endometrial carcinoma.

因此，高水平素会导致宫内膜增生，从而增加I型宫内膜癌风险。

All right, as a quick recap, endometrial carcinoma is a very common cancer of the lining of the uterus.

好！快速回顾一下：宫内膜癌是一种很常见癌症。

The most common is Type 1 endometrial carcinoma, which is also called endometrioid carcinoma because the tumours grow in a way that looks like normal endometrial glands.

最常见是I型宫内膜癌，又称为宫内膜样腺癌，因肿瘤生长方式与正常内膜腺体相似而得名。

It's followed by the proliferative phase, during which the rising levels of ovarian estrogen make the functional layer of the endometrium thicken and sprout endometrial glands.

之后是增殖期，伴随卵巢分泌素上升，宫内膜功能层增厚，宫内膜腺体生长。

Each time ovulation doesn't result in a healthy pregnancy, the womb gets rid of its endometrial lining, along with any unfertilized eggs, sick, dying, or dead embryos.

每当排卵未能形成健康胚胎，宫都会使整个内膜脱落，同时将未受精，虚弱 或濒死胚胎一并排出。

It usually involves several genetic mutations in endometrial cells, including of PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene; PIK3CA, an oncogene; and ARID1A, a gene regulating chromatin structure.

它通常涉及宫内膜细胞几种基因突变，包括抑癌基因PTEN、原癌基因PIK3CA，及调控染色质结构基因ARID1A。

Finally, a hereditary condition called Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, also called Lynch syndrome, causes a high risk of developing certain cancers, including colon cancer and endometrial carcinoma.

最后还存在一种遗传病，称为遗传非息肉病结直肠癌，又称Lynch综合征，会导致增加罹患某些癌症风险，包括结肠癌、宫内膜癌等。

Type 1 is associated with having abnormally high levels of estrogen over a long period of time, and is usually preceded by endometrial hyperplasia.

I型与长时间异常升高素水平有关，通常发生在宫内膜增生之后。

Most Type 1 endometrial carcinomas are diagnosed in stage 1 and aren't very aggressive, and because of that they have a good prognosis.

大多数I型宫内膜癌在I期就被诊断出来，不具备很强侵袭，因此预后良好。