But the system has been altered for use in a variety of species and eukaryotic cells.

但该系统已被改造，可在许多物种和真核细胞中使用。

But the basic parts of this system can be manipulated and used in a variety of eukaryotic organisms and cell types.

而且这个系统的基础部分可以被，在多种真核生物及细胞中运用。

However, genomic libraries may be an inefficient method of finding a gene, particularly in large eukaryotic genomes, where much of the DNA is noncoding.

替代的方法是利用已知表达的基因的细胞或组织来源的mRNA所构建的文库。

However, often the overproduced proteins, which could represent up to 30% of total cell protein, were precipitated or insoluble and they lacked eukaryotic post-translational modifications.

有时，这些问题能成融蛋白随后在裂开以得到的蛋白的方法得到解决，但是随后采取真核细胞（酵母或者哺乳动物细胞系）更为简单可行。

When compared to eukaryotic cells, the structure of bacteria is less complex due to a lack of nucleus and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes.

与真核细胞相比，细菌的结构简单很多：缺少细胞核及膜包被的细胞器，例如线粒体、内质网与高尔基体。

George Lucas has suggested that this was based on the idea of mitochondria, an organelle found in all eukaryotic organisms that helped supply energy, cellular differentiation, cell growth, and many other tasks.

乔治·卢卡斯认为这是基于线粒体的概念，线粒体是存在于所有真核生物中的细胞器，它帮助提供能量、细胞分化、细胞生长和许多其他任务。

Sometimes these problems could be overcome by making fusion proteins which were later cleaved to give the desired protein, but the subsequent availability of eukaryotic cells for production (yeast or mammalian cell lines) has helped greatly.

转基因动物。