The left half of the face is similarly innervated.

左侧面部的支也类似。

The other side of the ring finger and the pinky are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

无名指另一侧及小指由尺支。

Basically, in a nutshell, any structure innervated by the median nerve downstream of the point of compression can be affected.

简言之，只要是正中延伸的分支受到卡压，其支的组织结构就会受影响。

The sciatic nerve innervates the muscles in the back of the thigh.

坐骨支大腿后部的。

On the other hand, the median nerve innervates pronator teres and pronator quadratus, which pronate the forearm turning the palm posteriorly.

另一方面，正中支旋前圆与旋前方，使前臂旋前，掌心向后旋转。

The tibia nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg, and intrinsic flexors of the foot.

胫支小腿后部的，以及足部的固有屈。

In some people, there’s also dryness of the affected eye or mouth because the facial nerve innervates the lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands.

某病例也会有受累侧眼干、口干，由于面支泪腺、颌下腺和舌下腺。

Now moving on to the hand, the median nerve innervates the thenar muscles which control the movements of the thumb, so thumb movements are limited.

现在看看对手部的影响，正中支大鱼际，控制大拇指运动，因此正中受损时，拇指运动受限。

This happens because those muscles are innervated by the recurrent branch, the median nerve, which arises from the median nerve after it passes through the carpal tunnel.

这是因为这是由正中穿过腕管后的分支所支的。

It can then travel back up through the sensory nerve, anterogradely to the skin and cause an infection in the innervated dermatome - that’s called herpes zoster or shingles.

它们会沿着感觉顺行到皮肤，导致皮节感染，这时这种病被叫做带状疱疹。

This compression typically causes pain, numbness and tingling in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and thumb side of the ring finger, which are the areas of skin innervated by the median nerve.

这种卡压的典型症状是疼痛及拇指、示指、中指和环指桡侧半感到麻木和刺痛；这位置是正中皮肤支区。

Finally, both the ulnar and median nerves innervate the lumbricals, which are 4 muscles that extend the fingers at the interphalangeal joints, and keep them flexed at the metacarpal phalangeal joints.

最后，尺和正中都支蚓状，这四条蚓状能使指间关节的手指伸直，同时掌指关节保持屈曲位。

The facial nerve also innervates the sublingual and submandibular glands, which secrete saliva, as well as the lacrimal gland which produces tears, and mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and nasopharynx.

面同时也支着舌下腺和下颌下腺，它们可以分泌唾液；以及产生眼泪的泪腺，还有口、鼻、鼻咽的粘膜。

The vagus nerve receives visceral sensory information from the thorax and abdomen, and the accessory nerve is responsible for innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, neither of which is exclusively in the head.

迷走接收来自胸腔和腹部的内脏感觉信息，副负责支胸锁乳突和斜方，这两种都不是只在头部。

Skeletal Muscles are innervated, to communicate nervous energy to, by nerves, which conduct electrical currents from the central nervous system and cause the muscles to contract, so skeletal muscles are also called voluntary muscles.

骨骼受支，中枢系统的冲动以电流的形式通过纤维传导而引起收缩（原文没有捋顺，所以直接按翻译资料来的，communicate这一小句没有翻出来），因此骨骼又被称为随意。

This means that the muscles innervated by these lower motor neurons, like those in the arms, will not receive any neural input at all, so they go limp and decrease in tone, which is called flaccid paralysis.

这意味着由这下运动元支的，比如手臂，无法接收任何的信号输入，导致无力、张力降低，这被称为弛缓性瘫痪（软瘫）。