I mean, they transmit leptospirosis and hantavirus.

我是说，们可能会 传染细螺旋体或是汉。

Leptospirosis is treated with penicillin G, and doxycycline can be used as an alternative.

钩端螺旋体的治疗主要施用抗生素苄青霉素，多西环素可作为备选。

Another way to diagnose leptospirosis is by identifying the bacteria in biological samples.

另一种诊断方法是检测生物样本中存的菌。

Leptospira causes a zoonotic infection called leptospirosis, which has two phases.

钩端螺旋体会导致一种名为钩端螺旋体的人畜共通传染，其有两个阶段。

OK, symptoms of leptospirosis depend on the phase of the infection.

现说临床症状，主要取染的阶段。

The Leptospira genus has over 20 species, and the most common species that causes leptospirosis in humans is Leptospira interrogans.

钩端螺旋体属有超过20种亚属，其中问号钩端螺旋体（Leptospira interrogans）是导致人类钩端螺旋体的最常见致菌。

Risk factors for leptospirosis include some professions, like people who work in rice-paddies, sugarcane plantations, or people who swim or wade in waters contaminated by animal urines.

导致钩端螺旋体的危险因素包括一些需稻田、甘蔗种植区工作的职业或有被动物尿液污染的水源游玩史。

For example, Leptospira interrogans, the most common cause of leptospirosis, has adhesins, which are proteins that help this bacteria attach to the host’s cells - usually epithelium, monocytes, and macrophages.

举个例子，最常见的致菌问号钩端螺旋体的粘附素可以帮助细菌粘附宿主细胞表面，通常是表皮细胞、单核细胞以及巨噬细胞的表面。

So Leptospira is a genus of spiral bacteria known to cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection, meaning it can be transmitted from animals such as rodents, to humans; especially people who work in sewers and waters contaminated by these animals’ urine.

所以，钩端螺旋体是一种可导致钩端螺旋体的螺旋形细菌种属；钩端螺旋体是一种人畜共通传染，即可以从诸如啮齿类动物传染至人类的疾，特别是排水系统、或被动物尿液污染的水源区工作的人群更易染。