The advantage of studying mitochondrial DNA is that it is not shuffled around by sex.

研究线粒DNA优点在于它不会被性别打乱。

Blood tests for Reye's syndrome will be reflective of liver damage and mitochondrial damage.

血液检测能够反映肝脏和线粒损伤。

Meanwhile, an egg contains thousands of mitochondria, each containing multiple copies of the mitochondrial DNA.

同时，一卵含有成千上万线粒，都含有多组线粒 DNA。

And this mitochondrial DNA is specifically inherited from your mom because your dad's degraded immediately after fertilization.

这线粒DNA是特别从你妈妈那里遗传过来，因为爸爸在受精后就马上退化了。

In almost all species, mitochondrial DNA is passed down from only one parent.

在几乎所有物种中，线粒 DNA 只从父母一方传下来。

We know this because of tests on mitochondrial DNA.

我知道这一点是因为对线粒 DNA 测试。

So what can be done to tackle mitochondrial diseases, like Leigh syndrome?

那么如何应对线粒疾病，如 Leigh 综合征？

The woman's mitochondrial DNA matched that of a man from Chagyrskaya.

这名女性线粒 DNA 与来自 Chagyrskaya 一名男性相匹配。

The team also looked at mitochondrial DNA in six of the seven fossils.

该团队还研究了七化石中线粒 DNA。

Expanding our knowledge of human ancestry by reaching beyond mitochondrial DNA's matrilineal limits.

通过超越线粒 DNA 母系限制来扩展我对人类祖先了解。

Autophagy, proteostasis and mitochondrial reproduction are three more of the 12 hallmarks of ageing.

自噬、蛋白质稳态和线粒繁殖是 12 衰老标志中另外三。

A study in 2008 compared the mitochondrial DNA from both modern and fossil tuatara bones.

2008 年一项研究比较了现代和化石喙头蜥骨骼线粒 DNA。

Hublin's group also compared their mitochondrial DNA to that of ancient and present-day people.

Hublin 小组还将他线粒 DNA 与古人和现代人线粒 DNA 进行了比较。

What's so useful for scientists is that mitochondrial DNA changes little over time.

随着时间推移线粒 DNA 只改变了很小一部分，这对科学家来说非常有用。

Specifically, they looked at mitochondrial DNA sequences Which are passed unchanged down the maternal line.

他目标明确着手于线粒 DNA 顺序，这些 DNA 完全遗传于母系mitochondrial 英/ˌmaitəu'kɔndriəl/ 美/ˌmaitəu'kɔndriəl/ n。线粒sequence 英/'siːkw(ə)ns/ 美/'sikwəns/ n。有关联一组事物， 一连串，顺序， 连续maternal 英/mə'tɜːn(ə)l/ 美/mə'tɝnl/ a。母亲；母性；母系；母遗传maternal line 母系。

If the mutation is in the mitochondrial DNA, this inheritance can be blocked.

如果突变在线粒 DNA 中，则可以阻止这种遗传。

And though mitochondrial DNA is inherited from one parent, the genes involved in building and regulating the mitochondria come from both.

而尽管线粒 DNA 是由父母一方遗传，参与建立和调节线粒基因来自父母双方。

A study that had seniors complete a 12-week exercise program found that skeletal muscle mitochondrial DNA increased 53 percent after training.

一项让老年人完成12周锻炼计划研究发现，训练后骨骼肌线粒DNA增加了53%。

If you follow the mitochondrial DNA backwards, it will take you to a certain place-to an Ursula or Tara or whatever.

如果你顺着一段线粒DNA往上推移，它可能把你带到某地方——乌尔苏拉、杰斯敏，或别任何人。

The one factor which you assume would certainly improve based on carnitine's role in mitochondrial fatty acid transport is fat loss.

基于肉碱在线粒脂肪酸运输中作用，你认为肯定会改善一因素是脂肪减少。