The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.

心和能产生孢子的维管植物（羊齿类）还有具胚珠的子植物的孢子叶是同源的。

Bract scale The structure found in large numbers in the female cone of gymnosperms, each bearing an ovuliferous scale in its axil.

在子植物的雌球量存在的结构，每个苞鳞都包含一个珠鳞。