In postmenopausal osteoporosis, decreased estrogen levels lead to increased bone resorption.

在绝质疏中，雌激素的减少引发了吸收的增加。

Now, the two most common types of osteoporosis are postmenopausal osteoporosis and senile osteoporosis.

如今，最常见的两种质疏是绝质疏与老质疏。

Femoral neck fractures and distal radius fractures can also occur, and they’re often associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

股颈折、桡远端折也时有发生，而且它们一般和绝质疏相关。

There are two common types of osteoporosis: these are senile osteoporosis and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

老质疏与绝质疏。

Both serous and malignant cystadenocarcinomas are cysts with an inflamed and swollen lining, and they commonly arise in postmenopausal women.

两种浆液且恶的囊腺癌都由发炎肿胀的囊泡排列而成，同时它们通常见于绝的女。

Finally, medications like denosumab, which is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclasts, and raloxifene, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, can be used for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

最，地诺单抗等药物作为单克隆抗体可抑制破细胞；雷洛昔芬，一种有选择的雌激素受体调节器，可以被用于绝质疏。

He and other researchers said the findings could be important for orca conservation, suggesting it's just as vital to protect older, postmenopausal females as it is younger females of breeding age and their offspring.

他和其他研究人员都认为这些发现可能对保护虎鲸意义重大，因为研究发现保护龄较大、绝的雌鲸与保护育龄的轻雌鲸及其代同样重要。

Dr. Nattrass said the study could point to some answers. It found that postmenopausal killer whales provided the biggest boost to their grandcalves' chances of survival, beyond that provided by grandmother killer whales that were still breeding.

纳特拉斯博士认为这项研究可能会指向一些答案。 研究发现，绝的虎鲸可以最大程度提升孙辈的存活率，发挥的作用超过那些仍在繁殖期的祖母虎鲸。

Dr. Nattrass said postmenopausal killer whales are able to guide their families to salmon when it's scarce, using stores of " ecological knowledge" gained over decades of life experience. Without that knowledge, Dr. Nattrass said, the grandcalves could die.

纳特拉斯博士说绝的虎鲸能够利用几十生活验中积累的" 生态知识" ，在鲑鱼稀缺的时候，指导家人捕食鲑鱼。 如果没有这些知识，虎鲸幼崽很可能难以生存。