The Universe was a sea of electrons and quarks.

宇宙是电子和夸克的海洋。

Unfortunately hadrons, such as protons and antiprotons, are made of smaller bits called quarks.

不幸的是，强子，比如质子和反质子，是由名为夸克的更小单元所组成的。

The details are arcane. But they concern particles called beauty quarks which, themselves, form part of other particles called B-mesons.

细节晦涩难懂。但他们关注的是种叫做“美夸克”的粒子，这种粒子本身是另种叫做“B-介子”的粒子的部分。

Yet, nestling amid the quarks and transistors and the nucleic acids and nanotubes, there is a question.

然而，就在夸克、半导体、核酸和纳米管等 涌的同，了个问题。

Mathematical string theories suggest descriptions of this unification, in addition to a fundamental structure for sub-atomic quarks and electrons.

大爆炸也预测，在早期温的 宇宙中，我们的基本「力」可能会统成级力。

When beauty quarks decay, the daughter particles produced sometimes include a pair of what are known as charged leptons.

当美夸克衰变，产生的子粒子有包含对所谓的带电轻子。

And as far as we know, quarks and electrons are basic particles, so they can't be subdivided any more.

据我们所知，夸克和电子是基本粒子，所以它们不能再被细分。

We’ll be discussing deriving nuclear physics from the quark model.

我们将会 探讨 推导 核 物理 从 夸克 模型。

We can ignore the particle masses at the individual quark level.

我们可以 忽视 粒子 质量 在 单个 夸克 级别。

But if you twirl it in a different way, it becomes a quark.

但如果你以不同的方式旋转它，它会变成个夸克。

So I fixed it and now you can show that quarks are asymptotically free at high energies. Pretty cool, huh? " Cool" ?

我改了，这样就能证明夸克在能状态下是渐进自由的，很赞吧？“赞”？

Heat them more and even protons and neutrons will collide hard enough to shatter into their constituent subatomic particles, which are called quarks.

进步加热它们，甚至质子和中子也会发生足够猛烈的碰撞，使其分裂成亚原子粒子，这种亚原子粒子被称为夸克。

We think that inside the proton there are three quarks, subatomic particles that make up the protons and neutrons, which in turn make up our universe.

我们认为个质子里有三个夸克，构成质子和中子的亚原子粒子，它们也反过来构成了我们的宇宙。

Fears have been raised that in their enthusiasm scientists might inadvertently create a black hole or even something called strange quarks, which could, theoretically, interact with other subatomic particles and propagate uncontrollably.

人们担心，科学家们在头脑发热的候会在无意之中创建个黑洞，甚至所谓的“奇异夸克”。从理论上说，这些粒子可以与别的亚原子粒子相互作用，产生连锁反应，完全失去控制。

They make up a single, giant edifice obeying the same physical laws and all made from the same types of atoms, electrons, protons, quarks, neutrinos, that make up you and me.

它们组成了个巨大的宏伟建筑物，所有的建筑物里的物质都遵循相同的物理定律，由相同的微粒组成，原子，电子，质子，夸克，中微子——那些形成了我们的微粒。

The arrangement essentially is that among the basic building blocks of matter are quarks; these are held together by particles called gluons; and together quarks and gluons form protons and neutrons, the stuff of the atom's nucleus.

这种安排其实说明，在物质的基本材料中有夸克；夸克由名叫胶子的粒子黏合在起；夸克和胶子起形成了原子核的材料，即质子和中子。

And so, we think that all the subatomic particles of the universe, the quarks, the neutrinos, the mesons, the protons, the neutrons, there's a galaxy of these particles, they're nothing but musical notes on a tiny rubber band.

所以我们认为所有的亚原子宇宙的粒子，夸克、中微子、介子、 质子和中子有个由这些粒子组成的星系，它们只不过是个小橡皮筋上的音符。

The Standard Model consists of six quarks, six leptons, five known bosons and a postulated sixth, the Higgs boson (named for a Scottish scientist, Peter Higgs), plus three of the four physical forces: the strong and weak nuclear forces and electromagnetism.

6种夸克、6种轻子、5种已知的玻色子和1种假设的玻色子，(即希格斯玻色子，以苏格兰科学家彼得·希格斯的名字命名），加上4种物理力中的3种：强核力、弱核力和电磁力。

I didn't know what a proton was, or a protein, didn't know a quark from a quasar, didn't understand how geologists could look at a layer of rock on a canyon wall and tell you how old it was, didn't know anything really.

我不知道什么是质子，什么是蛋白质，不知道夸克和类星体有什么区别，不理解地质学家怎么只要看眼峡谷壁上的层岩石，就能说它的年龄--我确实什么也不知道。