Will they be expecting stomach cramps? Acid reflux? Night sweats?

那他们会期望肚子痛？反酸？盗汗吗？

Californian Tricia Carr says her mother developed complications from acid reflux that killed her.

加利福尼亚人翠西·雅卡尔称她母亲因为胃酸倒流并发症而痛不欲生。

People suffering from acid reflux rely on anti-acid tablets and drugs such as Prilosec and Nexium.

患上胃酸倒流人们依靠耐酸药片及奥美拉唑美拉这样药物。

And it's why alkaline water might be effective against one particular health issue: acid reflux.

胃酸反流。

And if reflux goes into the respiratory tract, GERD might also present with chronic cough or hoarseness.

如果反流入呼吸道，GERD也可能出现慢性咳嗽或声音嘶哑症状。

There are two types of vesicoureteral reflux, or VUR.

膀胱输尿管反流（VUR）有两类型。

Most frequently, adenocarcinoma develops as a consequence of gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD for short.

最常见一情况是胃食管反流（简称GERD）导致食管腺癌。

So gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus.

因此，胃食管反流病，即GERD，指由于过多胃酸反流回食管而引起、反酸等症状。

Some esophageal defense mechanisms against acid reflux are the primary and secondary peristaltic waves.

一些抗酸反流食管防御机制是初级次级蠕动波。

Chronic vesicoureteral reflux can cause pyelonephritis, or inflammation of the kidney, and renal scarring, or fibrosis which damages the kidney tissue.

慢性膀胱输尿管反流可能导致肾盂肾炎，即肾脏出现炎症反应，以及瘢痕肾，即肾组织因纤维化而受损。

Persistent acid reflux damages the esophageal mucosa, causing local inflammation, or esophagitis.

持续性酸反流会损害食管粘膜，引起局部炎症，即食管炎。

Loosened muscles at the top of the stomach might allow acid to escape into the esophagus and throat, causing heartburn and reflux.

胃部上方松弛肌肉可能使胃酸逃入食道咽喉，引起胃灼热逆流。

Now, when the pressure of the lower esophageal gets lower for some reason, reflux persists for longer, becoming pathological.

那么，当食管下段压力由于某原因而降低时，反流持续时间延长，变成病理性。

For chronic laryngitis, it’s important to treat the underlying issue, for example, using allergy medication, avoiding irritating agents, and using gastroesophageal reflux medications.

对于慢性喉炎，处理原发病很重要，比如施用抗过敏药物、避开过敏原以及施用抗胃食管反流药物。

Vesicoureteral reflux is usually classified by severity - grade I through V, depending on how far urine refluxes back up into the urinary tract.

膀胱输尿管反流根据严重程度分为1-5级，严重程度依据尿液反流程度进行衡量。

I can't sleep, and zero gravity is giving me crazy acid reflux.I'm down to my last three Tums.

我睡不着零重力让我胃酸倒流得厉害，我抗酸补钙果味咀嚼片就剩最后3片了。

Vesicoureteral reflux can be diagnosed with an abdominal ultrasound, which can detect blockages in flow of urine and swelling in the ureters or kidneys.

膀胱输尿管反流可通过腹部超声检查确诊，可检测到尿液流动阻塞，以及输尿管肾肿胀。

Risk factors include urinary tract infections, as well as vesicoureteral reflux and obstructive uropathies, both of which are also risk factors for urinary tract infections.

危险因素包括尿路感染，还有膀胱输尿管反流尿路梗阻，这两者也是尿路感染危险因素。

Secondary vesicoureteral reflux is most commonly caused by recurrent urinary tract infections, which can cause inflammation in the ureters making them swell up and close.

继发性膀胱输尿管反流，最常见于反复尿路感染；炎症反应会引起输尿管肿胀闭塞。

Ok, now the most common symptom of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease is pyrosis, also called heartburn, which is a burning pain in the chest, just behind behind the breastbone.

慢性胃食管反流病最常见症状是胃灼热，也叫，就是胸骨后灼感。