I bet it was Barbara Chen in retrovirus.

肯定是逆转录酶病毒部门的Barbara Chen。

OUR BIOLOGY TEACHER asked the class whether anyone knew what the word retrovirus meant.

生物老师问班上有没有道逆转录病毒的意思。

One kid raised his hand and said, " Retrovirus, or more commonly known as ... disco fever."

“逆转录病毒，或者更通俗的说法是… … 迪斯科狂热。”

HIV, a retrovirus that infects various human cell types, can lead to FSGS and is called HIV-associated nephropathy.

HIV，一种感染类不同细胞的逆转录病毒，可能致FSGS，称为HIV相关肾病。

The one thing itdoes do is make it possible for retroviruses, such as the AIDS virus, to slip unnoticed into the human system.

它所做的一件事就是使诸如滋病病毒的逆转录酶病毒神不鬼不觉地溜进体系统中。

HIV is a retrovirus, meaning it integrates copies of itself into an infected cell's DNA, allowing it to replicate and infect other cells.

滋病病毒是一种逆转录病毒，它能把自身遗传物质整合复制到被感染细胞的DNA中，实现自我复制并感染其他细胞。

HIV is a single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA retrovirus, meaning that it injects its single strand of RNA into the T-helper cell.

HIV是单链、正义、有囊膜的RNA逆转录病毒，也就是说，病毒会将单链DNA注入辅助T细胞中。

The “retro” part of retrovirus isn’t referring to its style, but refers to it needing to use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to transcribe a complementary double-stranded piece of “proviral” DNA.

逆转录病毒“retrovirus”中的“retro”并不是指复古风格，而是指它需要逆转录酶合成前病毒DNA的互补双链。

Scientists wanted to know the structure of a protein-cutting enzyme produced by a retrovirus similar to HIV. They haven't been able to solve the protein structure using standard computational methods.

科学家们很想掌握由反向病毒所衍生的蛋白剪切酶的结构，而反向病毒是指，比如HIV这样的病毒。这类蛋白结构是不能通过标准算法法则推就直接得出的。

RNA tests screen for viral RNA, so they also detect the virus directly, and DNA tests look for copies of the viral RNA (since remember it’s a retrovirus so it copies its genetic material into DNA).

RNA检测是筛查病毒RNA，因此可以直接检测病毒；DNA检测是检测病毒RNA的复制产物，因为HIV是逆转录病毒，它将自身的遗传物质复制到DNA中。