The demyelination happens in patches along the length of the axon, so it's called segmental demyelination.

为轴突上发生局限性的脱，此又称为节段性脱。

So focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a type of nephrotic syndrome, that’s helpful, but why does the glomerulus develop segmental sclerosis in the first place?

那么局灶节段性肾小球肾炎肾病综合征的一种，这很有帮助，但肾小球如何原发性地产生节段性硬化的呢？

The flow of the veins are similar to the arteries but in reverse, the only difference is that there’s a segmental artery but no segmental vein.

静脉血流和动脉相，血流方向相反，唯一不同的存在肾段动脉，但没有肾段静脉。

Alright so on histology, there’ll be segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis of the glomeruli, and under electron microscope, there’s effacement of the foot processes of the podocytes.

在组织学上，患者的组织活检会出现肾小球节段性硬化和玻璃样变，在电镜下可见足细胞足突消失。

Segmental means that only a segment, or part of the glomeruli is affected, and focal means that among all those glomeruli in the kidney, only some are affected.

节段性，意思有肾小球的一部分受累；局灶性，指在肾组织所有肾小球中，有部分肾小球受累。