The materials in question are quantum dots, the informal name for chemical structures also known as semiconducting nanocrystals.

所讨论材料是量子点，这是化结构非正式名称， 也称为半导体纳米晶体。

You can use a panel of solar cells to create the current directly, by liberating electrons from a semiconducting material such as silicon.

可以使用一块太阳能电池板从硅等半导体材料中释放电子来直接制造电流。

By changing the electrical charge of the gate, the conductivity of the semiconducting material can be manipulated, allowing current to flow or be stopped – like the water faucet analogy we discussed earlier.

通过改" " 电荷，我们可以控制半导体导电性，允许电流流动或停止——就像前面提到水龙头比喻。