So the perisinusoidal space, which literally means “around the sinusoidal space”, and stellate cells are about here.

窦周间隙指的就是血窦周围的区域；细胞就存在于这个空间。

When the hepatocytes are injured though, they secrete paracrine factors that “activates” and changes the stellate cells.

，肝细胞受损时，肝细胞分泌的“旁分泌因子”，可激活并改变细胞。

Well fibrosis is a process mediated by special cells called stellate cells, that sit between the sinusoid and hepatocyte, known as the perisinusoidal space.

纤维化的过程是细胞调控的；细胞位于血窦和肝细胞之间，即窦周间隙。

As part of the subsequent healing process pancreatic stellate cells lay down fibrotic tissue which causes narrowing, or stenosis of the ducts, as well as acinar cell atrophy.

作为后续修复愈合过程的一部分，胰腺状细胞会产生纤维化组织，造成导管狭窄及腺泡细胞萎缩。

When activated, the stellate cells lose vitamin A, proliferate, and start secreting secreting transforming growth factor beta1, or TGF-beta, which then causes them to produce collagen, which is the main ingredient in extracellular matrix, fibrosis, and scar tissue.

激活后的细胞失去维生素A，并且开始大量增生，分泌转化生长因子ß，即TGF-ß，随之导致其生成胶原；胶原是细胞外基质、纤维化和疤痕组织的重要成分。