They're made up of multiple subunits of an organic molecule called isoprene, which has five carbon atoms.

它们是由多有机分子亚基组成的，含有五碳原子的异戊二烯。

DNA is a polymer because it is a large molecule composed of repeated subunits, the nucleotides.

DNA 是一种聚合物，因为它是由重复的亚基，即核苷酸组成的大分子。

There are 4 globin subunits, typically two alpha and two beta, and each one has its own heme group.

它有4亚基，典型的为两α亚基和两β亚基，每一都有对应的血红素。

Recombinant protein subunit vaccine does not need a high-grade biosafety laboratory for manufacture, and can quickly achieve large-scale production.

重组亚单位蛋白疫苗不需要高等级的生物安全进行生产，可以快速现模化生产。

There are four globin subunits, typically two alpha and two beta, and each one has its own heme group.

它含有球蛋白亚基，通常是2α亚基和2β亚基，每亚基都含有血红素分子。

Both subunit and conjugate vaccines contain only pieces of the pathogens they protect against.

亚单位疫苗和结合疫苗都只包含它们可以抵御的病原体片段。

Pull up a subunit surfboard and ride through the nose with me, adventurers.

抓稳副单位冲浪板，和我一起冲鼻头吧，冒险家们。

The acellular pertussis vaccine and influenza vaccine (in shot form) are examples of subunit vaccines.

无细胞百日咳疫苗和流感疫苗（注射形式）是亚单位疫苗的例子。

Subunit vaccines use only part of a target pathogen to provoke a response from the immune system.

亚单位疫苗仅使用目标病原体的一部分来激发免疫系统的反应。

Another type of subunit vaccine can be created via genetic engineering.

另一种亚单位疫苗可以通过基因工程制造。

These subunits can be arranged in a line, or form rings, or both, leading to a diverse collection of over 30,000 known compounds.

这些亚基被重组成线性或者是环形，或者是两者皆有，形成了如今超过三万种已知的化合物。

Each hemoglobin molecule is made of four subunits, each containing a heme group that can bind one molecule of oxygen.

每血红蛋白分子由亚基组成，每亚基都包含一可以结合一氧分子的血红素基团。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that forms a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是大分子，由吡咯亚基形成环形，这结构叫作卟啉。

Since the mid-1980s, genetic engineering has led to subunit and conjugate vaccines against diseases such as human papillomavirus, HPV and hepatitis.

自20世纪80年代中期以来，基因工程技术催生了针对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和肝炎等疾病的亚单位疫苗和结合疫苗。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that form a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是一由4吡咯亚基形成的环状大分子，这种结构称之为卟啉。

The word 'plastic' can describe any material made of polymers, which are just the large molecules consisting of the same repeating subunit.

“塑料”一词可以描述任何由聚合物制成的材料，聚合物只是由相同的重复亚基组成的大分子。

Subunit and conjugate vaccines, such as HPV, are made from parts of an organism that stimulate an immune response, such as its antigens.

4. 亚单位疫苗和结合疫苗，如HPV疫苗，由能够刺激免疫反应的生物体部分制成，例如其抗原。特定病原体的部分，如糖类或蛋白质，被用于制备这些疫苗。

Multiple studies have found another susceptible marker on chromosome 15. Three genes in this region code for subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

多项研究在 15 号染色体上发现了另一易感标记。该区域的三基因编码烟碱乙酰胆碱受体的亚基。

As a quick recap: sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disease where the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin is misshapen, which causes red blood cells to sickle when deoxygenated.

好！简要回顾一下：镰状细胞病，是常染色体隐性遗传病，其中血红蛋白的β-珠蛋白发生突变，脱氧情况下会导致红细胞镰变。

They’re made up of multiple subunits of an organic molecule called isoprene, which has five carbon atoms. These subunits can be arranged in a line, or form rings, or both, leading to a diverse collection of over 30,000 known compounds.

它们由多被称为异戊二烯的有机分子亚单位组成， 每异戊二烯含有五碳原子。这些亚单位可以排列成一条线， 也可以形成环状结构， 或者两者兼有， 从而形成了超过30,000种已知化合物的多样化集合。