What's the difference between a gamete and a zygote?

生殖细胞和受精卵的区别是什么？

The zygote then grows into a long, thin stalk with a capsule on top — not very moss-like at all.

然后，受精卵长成一根又长又细的茎，顶部有一个蒴果——一点也不像苔藓。

The first stage is called a " zygote" , the baby or the zygote is, like, tiny, tiny.

第一阶段称为“受精卵”，婴儿或受精卵很小很小。

As a result, almost every time a zygote tries to divide, the process malfunctions.

结果，几乎每次受精卵试图分裂时，过程都会发生故障。

In fact, it's even more rigged than birth rates show — human conception results in about 150 male zygotes for every 100 females!

事实，它的操纵比现在的出生率更夸张——人类受孕的结果是，每 100 个女性胚胎就有大约 150 个男性胚胎！

Upon successful fertilization, the zygote immediately begins developing into an embryo, and takes about three days to reach the uterus.

受精成功后，受精卵立即开始发育成胚胎，大约需要三天才能到达子宫。

So, conception results in a single cell the zygote, that divides, over and over again, essentially producing every kind of cell in the body.

受孕成一个单一的受精卵细胞，它一次又一次地不断分裂，基成了身体内的所有细胞。

On the inside, the fallopian tubes have smooth muscle with an inner lining that has ciliated cells that slowly sweep the secondary oocyte or zygote towards the uterus.

输卵管内是有纤毛细胞覆盖的平滑肌，这些纤毛可以缓慢地将次级卵母细胞或者受精卵向子宫运输。

This specialization makes DNA from non-sex cells particularly unsuited for cloning purposes because those tags and tangles make it hard for the clone zygote to divide.

这种特化使得非性细胞的 DNA 特别不适合克隆目的，因为这些标签和缠结使克隆受精卵难以分裂。

First, they all start as single-celled zygotes — made from a sperm cell and egg cell combo — that become multicellular embryos: the tiny beginnings of roots, stems, and leaves.

首先，它们都是从单细胞受精卵开始的——由精子细胞和卵细胞组合而成——然后变成多细胞胚胎：根、茎和叶的微小开端。

Once the sperm arrives, it fuses with the egg to make a zygote — a cell that contains all the DNA needed to make a baby, thanks to the combination of the two DNA halves.

一旦精子到达，它就会与卵子融合，成受精卵——由于两半 DNA 的结合，受精卵包含了制造婴儿所需的所有 DNA。

Cloned zygotes are not reliable because while all other cells in the body do contain a full set of DNA, these other cells optimize their DNA to best serve their own particular functions.

克隆的受精卵并不可靠，因为虽然体内所有其他细胞确实含有全套 DNA，但这些其他细胞会优化其 DNA 以最好地发挥其自身的特定功能。

Because the clone zygote contains a full set of DNA just like the regular zygote does, you might expect it to DIVIDE AND turn into an embryo just like a regular zygote does too...

因为克隆受精卵像普通受精卵一样包含全套 DNA，所以您可能希望它像普通受精卵一样分裂并变成胚胎. . . . . .