disutility

additional risk produces disutility for most investors, leading to risk aversion.

投资风险规避的行为。

Introducing pollution with disutility to utility function in a stochastic economic growth rate and pollution level by using stochastic optimization method.

摘要在一个具有随机污染消除技术的随机增长模型中，把带来效用的污染引入效用函数。