papillotomy

Various methods (including standard EST, wire-guided EST, precut papillotomy and needle knife papillotomy &fistulotomy) were used.

所有的约肌切开术初始约以标准型电刀为，若无法顺利插管进管，便改为「导线引导约肌切开术」。

Techniques to resolve the difficult cannulation cases include tapered tip catheter, guide wire, papillotome, and precut endoscopic papillotomy (EPT).

对于较病例，尖细型管子，导引线方法，电刀及内视镜乳突先前切开术乃解决方法。