disincentives

1.What incentive and disincentives were used to encourage compliance with the one-child policy? Which were used more – incentives of disincentives, and why?

一采用了什麽激励和抑制手段来鼓励人们遵守？激励和抑制—那一种手法是多用？为什麽？

2.One of the big disincentives to placing weapons in space has been the technical difficulty and cost of such an enterprise.

一以来，在太空部署武器的主要障碍之一就是技术难度以及该项事业的高昂成本。