rudiment

the rudiments of a language

一种语言基知识

the rudiments of a subject

某科目基原理

you must acquire the rudiments of Greek.

你必须握希腊语入门知识。

the rudiments of a hot-water system.

热水系统。

the rudiments of social behavior in children; the rudiments of a plan of action.

孩子社会活动入门；一个行动计划

she taught the girls the rudiments of reading and writing.

她教女孩阅读和写作入门。

A graduate student instructed the freshmen in the rudiments of music theory.

一名研究生向新生教授音乐理论基原理。